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Battle of Tripoli (1825)
The Battle of Tripoli was a battle between the navies of the Kingdom of Sardinia and the Ottoman Vilayet of Tripoli on 26 September 1825 during the Sardinian-Tripolitanian war of the same year. In order to resist Tripolitanian demands for increased tribute, the Sardinian king sent a squadron to force Tripoli to a favorable peace treaty. The Tripolitanians refused to change their demands and as a result the Sardinian squadron assaulted the city of Tripoli, sinking several vessels and landing a force to attack the city. Suffering heavy naval losses the Tripolitanian government quickly agreed to a favorable peace treaty with Sardinia, thus ending the war on favorable terms for the Sardinians.
== Background ==
In August 1825, the ruler of Tripoli, Yusuf Karamanli, had become enraged when the new Sardinian consul arrived without bringing tribute with him, as had previously been the custom.〔Houtsma 1913–1938, p. 817.〕 When learning that Sardinia's King Charles Felix refused to give in and pay the request sum, the Tripolitanians expelled his consul and declared war on the Sardinian government on 7 August. Karamanli then began sending his corsairs out cruising against Sardinian merchant ships. To bring the Tripolitanians to terms, Charles Felix ordered a naval squadron to Tripoli under Francesco Sivori in his flagship, the frigate ''Commercio'', along with Captain Luigi Sefra's frigate ''Cristina'', Giuseppe Zicavo's corvette ''Tritone'', and Maurizio Antonio Villarey's brig ''Neriede''.〔Randàccio 1870, p. 29.〕 Sivori left and after being delayed due to poor weather at Tunis, arrived at Tripoli on 25 September.〔Burke 1826, p. 142.〕
Once his squadron arrived in Tripoli, Silvori sent the ''Tritone'' into the harbor under a flag of truce in order to begin negotiations with Karamanli's government. With assurances from the resident British consul that they would be safe, Silvori went ashore on the 26th and met the Tripolitanian envoy, General Haggi Mohammed.〔 Although negotiations at first seemed to be going well, the next day Karamanli sent a note with suggested terms that essentially abrogated the peace treaty that British Admiral Edward Pellew had negotiated on Sardinia's behalf after the Bombardment of Algiers in 1816. Seeing that Karamanli had no intention of offering acceptable terms, Sivori decided his best course of action would be to attack Tripoli. Before returning to his squadron Sivori managed to get the British consul to take under his protection what Sardinians remained in Tripoli. Salvori's force had a significant advantage over the Tripolitanian fleet, which only had a 12-gun brig and a pair of 6-gun schooners defending the harbor. Despite the disadvantage in naval power, Karamanli had significant forces ashore and several forts and shore batteries defending the harbor. Upon returning to his vessel, Salvori gave Karamanli a four-hour ultimatum that he would bombard the city unless better peace terms were offered by the Tripolitanians.〔Burke 1826, p. 143.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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